IS WORK OVER?

Automation index

How much of a Bookbinder’s job can AI already do?

A trim and a groove come earlier. Sewing, casing in and getting the book to open do not.

This percentage does not predict how many people will lose their jobs.

Task comparison

Bookbinder

Where the time goes

Task weights are our estimates based on O*NET frequency data, not time shares published by O*NET.

The time saving for each task is estimated separately.

TaskShareAIPoints
Trim, gather and prepare sections.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%32%+5.1
Sew, glue, groove and case in.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

18%18%+3.2
Restore spines, endpapers and damaged copies.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

18%22%+4
Die-cut, foil and special finishes.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%28%+4.5
Commissions, quotes and the client.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%36%+5.8
Materials, times and a book that lasts.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%14%+2.2
Total100%25%

Modelled workweek: 100% · Public evidence: 0% · Estimate: 100% · Confidence: Low

Skills and activities

  • bind books
  • sew sections
  • groove spines
  • case in boards
  • restore books
  • foil stamp
  • guillotine
  • glue

Sources for this job· O*NET 51-5113.00· ESCO/ISCO 7323

Kitchen porter

Where the time goes

Task weights are our estimates based on O*NET frequency data, not time shares published by O*NET.

The time saving for each task is estimated separately.

TaskShareAIPoints
Orders, mise en place and labelling.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%28%+4.5
Peel, cut, wash and restock.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

24%10%+2.4
Service, passes and not getting in the way.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%12%+1.9
Hygiene, HACCP and waste.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

16%18%+2.9
Shifts, stoves and heat.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

14%22%+3.1
Not cutting yourself or leaving a pot unwashed.
Estimate

No public source provides a precise figure. This is our estimate.

14%14%+2
Total100%17%

Modelled workweek: 100% · Public evidence: 0% · Estimate: 100% · Confidence: Low

Skills and activities

  • cook
  • mise en place
  • dishes
  • bake
  • Orders, mise en place and labelling
  • Peel, cut, wash and restock
  • Service, passes and not getting in the way
  • Hygiene, HACCP and waste
  • Shifts, stoves and heat
  • ayudante de cocina

Sources for this job· O*NET 35-2021.00· ESCO/ISCO 9412

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